In short no....the hardware is different.
You could possibly install via the desktop as suggested, once complete move the disk back to the laptop - boot the XP CD and perform a <R> repair installation (not recovery console) to update the registry with the laptops hardware.
Chances are the problem is when the setup is probing hardware and having an issue such as detecting the correct chipset driver - and will probably end up bombing out as previously - but might be worth a shot attempting if you have the time.
What type of laptop is it ? Did it not come with system restore CD specific for that model ?
Scratched cds suck - but copies of scratched CDs suck even more as they look ok.